Sustained behaviour change is vital when working with populations with chronic conditions, and whilst interventions largely demonstrate the potential to facilitate well-being \citep*{Sin2009}, outcomes are often short-lived and participants often revert to pre-intervention levels of functioning at follow-up assessment \citep*{Seligman2005}. Despite the advantages of theory, behaviour change interventions are seldom designed with reference to theory \citep{Davies_2010,Prestwich_2014}. In fact, a meta-analysis of 235 implementation studies reported that only 22.5% explicitly used constructs of behaviour change theories \citep{Davies_2010}; and often loosely and inadequately so \citep{Painter_2008,Prestwich_2014}. However, there remains a lack of guidance on how to select an appropriate theory for a particular purpose \citep*{Michie_2008}, with a predominance in published intervention evaluations of a small pool of traditional theories painter\citep{Painter_2008}. Models currently used in public health and behaviour change interventions largely emphasise and target individual factors, such as motivation, whilst  broader social and environmental variables are far less likely to be considered \citep*{Glanz_2010}. This occurs despite evidence suggesting that beneficial effects produced by complex interventions are strongly linked to context  \citep*{Tarquinio_2014} and national guidance summaries concluding that behaviour change interventions are more effective if they simultaneously target variables at individual, community and population levels (NICE, 2007).  A comprehensive approach to health promotion thus requires changing the practices of social systems that have widespread detrimental effects on health. If we are to contribute significantly to the betterment of human health, we must broaden our perspective on health promotion and disease prevention beyond the individual level  \citep*{Bandura_2004} and draw upon a wider range of theories than currently used.  Crucially, theories should be suited to the characteristics of the target population, behaviour and context; else the potential benefit of using theory is limited  \citep*{Davis_2014} .