This article was originally published at The Winnower and is the backstory behind Peters, D.P., and S.J. Ceci. 1982. "Peer-review practices of psychological journals: The fate of published articles, submitted again." Behavioral and Brain Sciences no. 5 (02):187-195. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00011183. How the project was initiated. In 1978, one of us (SJC) was a newly hired assistant professor of psychology at the University of North Dakota, and the other one us (DPP) was in his fourth year as an assistant professor, one year away from the all-important tenure decision. One day at lunch with several colleagues, a discussion took place about bias in publishing. A senior colleague opined that a recent publication in a prestigious psychology journal would never have been published if the author had not been an eminent researcher from Harvard. He argued that if he had submitted the same manuscript for publication, it would have been rejected in a New York minute. We were not so sure. This individual's own difficulties getting his work published colored his view of science and prompted his conspiracy feelings.