Intermediate conclusion: People who are exposed to arsenic in drinking water will have skin lesions
P
C: While not absolute, there may be a probability that these people may have been exposed to inorganic arsenic through their drinking water
Up to this point, you get to see a play of
Spurious correlations
Chance, Bias, Confounding
Role of chance
Bias
Confounding Variables
Hill's Considerations

Rothman's Pie & component cause model

Necessary and sufficient causes
Attributable Risk and Population Attributable Risk

Study designs in Health

How to read a paper

Citation of the paper
Synopsis
Conclusion
Reasoning
Evidence
Your analysis
Questions to go forward
Quotations

How to write a research proposal: what elements to include

Worked out examples