Populations with varying parametrizations

We next consider the case where parameters differ between connected populations, we restrict our consideration to a system of two populations, identical in all respects other than the parameter β, which is set to either induce a steady state of coexisting strains (β such that \(\tilde{R_0}\) = 5 in population A) or cyclically coexisting strains (β such that \(\tilde{R_0}\) = 2 in population B). We then display three potential patterns of connection: no migration (left column), A\(\rightarrow\)B (middle column), and B\(\rightarrow\)A (right column). Specifically, we set