Indicators Main Role For Eq. 1 For Eq. 2
Leaf economics (module scale) Leaf economics (module scale) Leaf economics (module scale) Leaf economics (module scale)
Foliar Km (K) (g/kg) Maintaining water potential; promoting photosynthesis (Ashraf et al., 2001) (PE) cM λ and Mmax
Foliar Nm (N) (g/kg) Increasing photosynthetic capacity (Takashima et al., 2004; Reich and Walters 1994) (PE) cM λ and Mmax
Foliar Pm (P) (g/kg) P deficiency could restrict photosynthesis and leaf growth (Mollier and Pellerin 1999) (PE or none) cM or none λ and Mmax
Foliar dry matter content (g/g) Indicating conservative resource use strategy (NE) ∝ 1/cm ∝1/λ and 1/Mmax
Stem economics (module scale) Stem economics (module scale) Stem economics (module scale) Stem economics (module scale)
Trunk bark thickness (Bark) (cm) Defence (Héraul et al., 2011) (PE) cM λ and Mmax
Trunk wood moisture content (g/g) Relating to transport and structure (Héraul et al., 2011) (PE) cM λ and Mmax
Trunk xylem density (g/ml)
Defence (Héraul et al., 2011) but more increasing stem growth cost (King et al., 2006) (NE)
gr and 1/cM
∝1/λ and 1/Mmax
Morphological traits (overall scale) Morphological traits (overall scale) Morphological traits (overall scale) Morphological traits (overall scale)
Crown width/(DBH+crown width) (abbreviated as CW/(D+CW)) Reflecting the ratio of source uptake to consumption (PE) cM λ and Mmax
Crown height/tree height (abbreviated as CH/H)
Reflecting the ratio of source uptake to consumption (PE)
cM
λ and Mmax
CW/(D+CW)CH/H (termed Canopy /size)
Reflecting the proportion of canopy volume to tree volume (PE)
cM
λ and Mmax
Sapwood area / heartwood area (abbreviated as SWA/HWA)
Relating to hydraulic conduction and respiration consumption (Carbone et al. 2013) (NE)
mr and 1/cM
∝1/λ and 1/Mmax