Medications that are P-glycoprotein substrates or inhibitors Medications that are P-glycoprotein substrates or inhibitors
β-blockers Bisoprolol (substrate/inhibitor), Propranolol (substrate/inhibitor)
Calcium channel blockers Diltiazem (substrate/inhibitor), Verapamil (substrate/inhibitor)
Antiarrhythmic agents Amiodarone (inhibitor), Dronedarone (inhibitor), Propafenone (inhibitor)
Oral anticoagulants Apixaban (substrate), Dabigatran (substrate), Edoxaban (substrate), Rivaroxaban (substrate), Warfarin (substrate/inhibitor)
Others Digoxin (substrate)
COVID-19 drugs Azithromycin (substrate/inhibitor)
Medications that are CYP3A4 substrates Medications that are CYP3A4 substrates
Calcium channel blockers Diltiazem, Verapamil
Antiarrhythmic agents Amiodarone
Oral anticoagulants Apixaban, Rivaroxaban
COVID-19 drugs Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin