Materials and Methods
The Kidney Cancer Database of the Turkish Urooncology Association was interrogated, and 3400 patients presenting between 2000 and 2018 were retrospectively identified from the Redcap Database. Of those, 1004 patients with cT1N0M0 renal masses who underwent either PN or RN with open and/or laparoscopic approaches were included in the study cohort. Patients with a solitary kidney, a bilateral tumor, metastatic disease, and/or a preoperative eGFR<15 ml/min/1.73 m2 were excluded. All procedures were performed by eight experienced surgeons from six different institutions. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether they underwent PN or RN. Demographic parameters, including age; sex; the presence of diabetes, coronary artery disease, and hypertension; and operative data including surgical approach, ischemia type and time, histopathological evaluation, renal function assessments, and complications were recorded and analyzed. The Institutional Review Board of the University of Cukurova approved the study (52/March-2019).