Follow-up and data collection
Patients were generally assessed in terms of renal function on postoperative day one and subsequently every 12 months. Preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine concentrations were obtained from the medical records. This study’s primary endpoint, the eGFR, was calculated with the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equitation, and overall survival (OS) was defined as death from any cause after surgery. CKD was staged according to the National Kidney Foundation guidelines, and the baseline GFR was calculated using the preoperative creatinine levels.