Limitations:
  1. Some, but not all variations in PV number and anatomy were represented in the study. Accordingly, one should not assume that the accurate performance achieved in the few patients with PV variations will be reproduced in patients with more uncommon PV anatomy.
  2. A major limitation of the study is that the gold standard to define the accuracy of the LA reconstruction by m-FAM was a visual comparison with the CTA of the same patient rather than a computerized “pattern recognition” formal comparison.
  3. This is a single center study and our center was involved in the early phases of developments of the m-FAM algorithm. Indeed, we performed approximately 40 previous cases using the m-FAM as research tool before initiating the current clinical study. The large experience with the m-FAM algorithm may have influenced our results. Nevertheless, our impression is that the learning curve in using the m-FAM is very short.