Characterization of the MRE valve behavior with different design dimensions. (A) shows the flowrate-current curve of the MRE valves with different MRE thicknesses. (B) shows the breakthrough pressure of the MRE valves with different MRE thicknesses. (C) shows the flowrate-current curve of the MRE valves with different channel widths. (D) shows the breakthrough pressure of the MRE valves with different air channel widths. (E) presents the temperature profile of the MRE valves under different amount of electric current, while (F) presents how the flowrate of the valve changes during the temperature increase.