In this work, ten different samples were investigated for pre-lithiation
techniques, namely 100GR, baseline, CM10, CM20, CM30, CM40, EM1C, EM2C,
EM3C, and EM4C, respectively (Table 1 ). Among them, 100GR was
represented for full-cell consisting of 100 wt.% graphite: 1.5 wt.%
CMC: 2.5 wt.% SBR as anode and NMC622 as cathode. The other samples
included 80 wt.% graphite: 20 wt.% SiO2/C: 1 wt.%
C65: 1.5 wt.% CMC: 2.5 wt.% SBR as anode and NMC622 as cathode. In
detail, the 100GR and baseline were named full-cells without
prelithiated anode. In contrast, the CM samples mean the anode using the
direct contact method. For instance, “CM10” indicates that full-cell
was assembled using the anode contacted with lithium foil for 10
minutes. Meanwhile, the EM samples describe the anode using the
electrochemical method, whereas the anode was assembled in half-cell and
cycled in several cycles. For example, “EM1C” indicates that the
full-cell was assembled by the anode using an electrochemical technique
and activated by one cycle.