FIGURE 7 PV-PEC performance of CO2RR. (A) From the J-V characteristic, the intersection of the six-series a-Si/c-Si heterojunction (SHJ) module and the operating current of the EC cell (brown) under AM 1.5 G (blue) is represented. (B) The long-term stability test of solar-assisted CO2RR system over 150 min. Reproduced with the permission.[121]Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. (C) J-V characteristic of the EC cell and (D) FE toward diverse carbon compounds of 1 cm2 DN-CuO electrodes as cathode part at broad applied potentials. Reproduced with the permission.[122]Copyright 2019, National Academy of Sciences. (E) Schematic illustration of the solar-driven CO2RR device. (F) I-V curves of the PV-EC device composed of HRS-Cu as cathode and Si photodiode as the solar energy absorbers. I-V curves consist of the photovoltaic (green), electrocatalytic (purple), operating point marked by a blue dot and MPP marked by a red dot. (G) FE toward ethylene and C2+ value-added carbon compound and solar-to-electricity conversion value of the photovoltaic-driven CO2RR system. (H) Schematic illustration of scale-up PV-EC device composed of MEA and enlarged 4 cm2 and 25 cm2 of cathode electrodes. Reproduced with the permission.[123] Copyright 2021, Springer Nature. (I) Schematic design of triangular Ag metal PA connected to the top layer of 3J III-V semiconductor photoabsorber. J-V curves and FE toward carbon compounds (J,L) of Ag-PA + NiOx and (K,M) Cu/Ag-PA +NiOx in CO2-saturated 0.1 M KHCO3 electrolyte. Reproduced with the permission.[124] Copyright 2022, John Wiley and Sons