15. Conclusion and future directions for Mpox research and control measures.
Indeed, the Mpox virus has long been a neglected zoonotic disease with the potential to spread and/or be used as a bioweapon. There are now no traditional guidelines for clinical care, medications, or vaccinations although the condition was originally diagnosed in 1958 and first recorded in a human in 197078. Limited research on the human immune response to Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection remains unanswered. Understanding immune defenses and the potential for mucosal protection resulting from smallpox immunization or MPXV infection is essential. Investigating tissue-resident memory T cells and IgA in MPXV-related respiratory complications is essential. Factors like behavior, geography, diet, medical history, immunological factors, and genetics may also impact MPXV susceptibility and immunity. The virus can spread globally and has the potential to expand beyond Africa. Effective management strategies, such as ring-vaccination and pre-exposure vaccination, are needed to combat the outbreak. Increased surveillance efforts, vaccination availability, and antiviral medications can help mitigate the threat of MPXV. Also, it is a clear call to action for public health authorities to assume responsibility for informing specialists in the field of their results and being open and truthful with the general public. Recent outbreaks around the globe have highlighted the significance of rigorous and ongoing surveillance as well as the creation of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies. To stop rising transmission rates or virulence, appropriate and effective medicines as well as active monitoring activities are urgently needed78. Considering At least in endemic regions and possibly globally, the Mpox virus is the most major orthopoxvirus in humans. It takes a lot of effort to prevent Mpox, which is no longer a rare condition. The human Mpox virus should be monitored and controlled using the insights learnt from the Covid-19 epidemic.