Inclusion and exclusion criteria
The inclusion criteria for studies were as follows: reporting the
prevalence of urticaria in patients with rhinitis; reporting the
prevalence of rhinitis in patients with urticaria; and reporting the
association between rhinitis and urticaria. No restrictions on the study
design type and type and/or definition of rhinitis and urticaria were
applied. The exclusion criteria were a population size <50
patients and studies written in a language other than English.