3.2. Pre-post survey findings
The final sample size of the pre-post surveys was 53. This is a decrease from the initial sample size of 73 due to students not completing both pre- and post-surveys. In this sample, the mean age of the students was 17.98 years old, and the SD was 0.91. The majority of the students were Spanish (94.34%) with a small number of students coming from Africa (1 student), South America (1 student) and Asia (1 student). The final sample is composed of 60.4% male students and 39.6% female students. Students completed these questionnaires at the start and end of the course. During the course they were encouraged to utilise GenAI tools to help them with their work. The analysis of their responses (see Figure 1) reveals notable shifts in attitudes towards GenAI, reflecting the impact of hands-on experience and exposure during the course. Results show that students reported a significant increase in theirfamiliarity with GenAI tools (mPre = 3.09, SD = 0.9; mPost = 3.91, SD = 0.88, p < 0.05). Students reported a significant increase in their use of GenAI tools to assist with their schoolwork (mPre = 2.85, SD = 1.3, mPost = 3.57, SD = 1.2, p < 0.05). A significant increase in the belief that students should have the option to use GenAI tools in university courses was identified (mPre = 3.60, SD = 0.9; mPost = 4.13, SD = 0.81, p < 0.05). However, there was no significant change in the belief that students should have the option to opt out of using GenAI in class (mPre = 3.53, SD= 1.14; mPost = 3.92, SD = 1.02, p > 0.05). A significant increase was observed instudents’ plans to use GenAI to support their learning in university courses (mPre = 3.13, SD = 0.94; mPost = 3.74, SD = 0.94, p < 0.05). Students did not exhibit a significant change in their belief that grading criteria should differ for students using AI tools versus those who do not (mPre = 2.43, SD = 1.26; mPost = 2.53, SD = 1.19, p > 0.05). Lastly, students expressed a significant decrease in the belief that each course should have a learning agreement related to the use of GenAI (mPre = 4.45, SD = 0.77; mPost = 4.00, SD = 0.85, p < 0.05). Although, student ratings still averaged 4 out of 5 on a Likert scale in the post survey suggesting continued support for the learning agreement approach.